Contraindications
Body Piercing
While body piercing is generally safe, it is contraindicated in certain individuals due to the risk of allergic reactions and other health complications.
Strong Contraindications
- Local infection or inflammatory disease: Including dental caries or gum disease for oral piercings, eczema, psoriasis, and sexually transmitted infections.
- Previous hypersensitivity reaction: To any materials used in the piercing process.
- Allergy to materials: Such as nickel-plated items and latex surgical gloves, which can cause severe allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis.
Moderate Contraindications
- History of keloid scarring: Especially if over 11 years old.
- Valvular heart disease: Particularly relevant for oral piercings.
- Immunocompromise: Increased risk of infection and complications.
- Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus: Poor wound healing and increased risk of infection.
- Uncontrolled bleeding disorders: Higher risk of excessive bleeding.
- Pregnancy: Abdominal and genital piercings may lead to implant rejection, tearing, and scarring.
- Breastfeeding: Nipple piercings can cause problems during breastfeeding.
- Lack of hepatitis B immunization: Increased risk of bloodborne infections.
- Need for orthodontic treatment: Increased risk of nickel hypersensitivity reactions.
- Poor overall health: Factors such as anemia, smoking, and poor nutrition can slow wound healing.
