The exact causes of ocular melanoma are not well understood, but several risk factors have been identified. Genetic mutations in melanocytes lead to uncontrolled cellular growth, forming a melanoma. Risk factors include:
– Genetic predisposition: Certain genetic conditions and mutations increase susceptibility.
– Age: Most common in middle-aged and elderly populations.
– Race and Eye Color: Higher incidence in Caucasians and individuals with lighter eye colors.
– Sun Exposure: Potential contributing factor, though its role is less significant than in cutaneous melanoma.
– Occupational and environmental exposures: Some studies suggest chemicals or radiation may play a role.
