Fungal nail infections, medically termed onychomycosis, are a prevalent condition affecting over 50% of all nail disorders, with an estimated 5.5% prevalence among the general population. These infections primarily affect toenails but can also impact fingernails, often leading to significant discomfort and aesthetic concerns. This comprehensive review explores the causes, symptoms, diagnostic methods, treatment options, and preventive measures for fungal nail infections, referencing leading medical resources including Stanford Health Care, Mayo Clinic, NHS, and DermNet NZ.
